The Gran Chaco or Dry Chaco is a sparsely populated, hot and semiarid lowland natural region of the Río de la Plata basin, divided among eastern Bolivia, western Paraguay, northern Argentina, and a portion of the Brazilian states of Mato Grosso and Mato Grosso do Sul, where it is connected with the Pantanal region. This land is sometimes called the Chaco Plain.

The name Chaco comes from a word in Quechua, an indigenous language from the Andes and highlands of South America. The quechua word 'chaqu' meaning "hunting land" comes probably from the rich variety of animal life present throughout the entire region.

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