James G. Blaine served as Secretary of State under James A. Garfield from March 7, 1881 to September 19, 1881. Blaine was with Garfield when the president was shot. After Garfield's death, Blaine served as Secretary of State under Chester A. Arthur from September 19, 1881 to December 19, 1881. Divisions within the Republican party led to Blaine's resignation and replacement. Blaine was back as Secretary of State under Benjamin Harrison from March 7, 1889 to June 4, 1892. As Secretary of State, Blaine wanted commercial and political alliances with Hawaii, Mexico, and South America. Blaine also served in the Maine legislature, the US Congress, and was the Republican candidate for president in 1884. He was defeated by Democrat Grover Cleveland.

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