Michael Faraday, (22 September 1791 – 25 August 1867) was an English scientist who contributed to the study of electromagnetism and electrochemistry. His main discoveries include the principles underlying electromagnetic induction, diamagnetism and electrolysis.

He came from a very poor family, became one of the greatest scientists in history. His achievement was remarkable in a time when science was usually the preserve of people born into wealthy families. The unit of electrical capacitance is named the farad in his honor, with the symbol F.

Historically, benzene is one of the most important substances in chemistry, both in a practical sense, i.e. making new materials; and in a theoretical sense' i.e. understanding chemical bonding. In 1825, Michael Faraday discovered benzene in the oily residue left behind from producing gas for lighting in London.

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