Apartheid was a system of institutionalised racial segregation and discrimination that existed in South Africa between 1948 and 1991. The system was based on white supremacy and the repression of the black majority (Africans, coloureds and Asian South Africans) for the benefit of the politically and economically dominant Afrikaners and other whites. Despite the end of official legislation in 1991, Apartheid laws remained in effect and black South Africans still had no representation in government. Furthermore, the economic legacy and generational effects of Apartheid continue to this day.

Apartheid is an Afrikaans word meaning "separateness", or "the state of being apart", literally "apart-hood" (from Afrikaans "-heid").

More Info: en.wikipedia.org