Erich Alfred Hartmann (19 April 1922 – 20 September 1993), nicknamed "Bubi" by his German comrades and "The Black Devil" by his Soviet adversaries, was the most successful combat fighter pilot of all time. Flying more than 1,400 combat missions and 825 dogfights from 1943 to 1945 he is credited with, shooting down 352 aircraft (345 Soviet and 7 American). Hartmann crash-landed his fighter 14 times due to damage received from parts of enemy aircraft he had just shot down or mechanical failure and was never shot down or forced to land due to enemy fire. He was posted to Jagdgeschwader 52 on the Eastern Front in 1942 and was supervised by some of the Luftwaffe's most experienced fighter pilots. Mentored by these men, he went on to develop aerial combat tactics, which led to his high success rate. Hartmann earned the coveted Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross with Oak Leaves, Swords and Diamonds on 25 August 1944 for claiming 301 aerial victories, at the time this was Germany's highest military decoration.

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