The Summer Olympic Games or the Games of the Olympiad first held in 1896, is an international multi-sport event that is hosted by a different city every four years. The International Olympic Committee organizes the games and oversees the host city's preparations. In each Olympic event, gold medals are awarded for first place, silver medals are awarded for second place, and bronze medals are awarded for third; this tradition began in 1904.

Only five countries have been represented at every Summer Olympic Games. Four are from Europe Greece, France, Great Britain, and Switzerland and the fifth being Australia. The only country to have won at least one gold medal at every Summer Olympic Games is Great Britain. The United States leads the all-time medal table.

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