In 1918 during a rally of workers, Lenin appeared with a speech. After the meeting in the courtyard of the factory, he was wounded by several shots.

The arrest of Kaplan occurred immediately, at the nearest tram stop. At the moment of arrest she immediately confessed that she shot Lenin. When asked who ordered the assassination she answered, "By the order of Socialist-Revolutionaries. I have done my duty with valor and will die with valor". During a search of the woman a Browning Kaplan number 150489, a train ticket, cigarettes, a notebook and some small personal belongings were withdrawn.

Under the noise of cars Fanny Kaplan was executed without trial on September 3, 1918 at 16:00. The corpse was pushed into a barrel, doused with gasoline and burned at the Kremlin walls.