Engineer John Peake Knight was a railway manager specialised in designing signalling systems for Britain's railway network. In 1865 he approached the Commissioner of the Metropolitan Police with an idea to use a railway signalling system on the roads of London. At the time there were no cars on the road but there was growing concern at the number of horse drawn carriages and danger to pedestrians. Knight's proposal was to use a semaphore system during the day and red and green lights, lit by gas, at night. Policemen would stand next to the signals to operate them.

The plan was implemented on 9 December 1868: the world's first traffic lights were installed at the junction of Great George Street and Bridge Street in the London borough of Westminster. It was an immediate success, but a month into the project disaster struck. One evening a leaky gas mains resulted in one of the traffic lights exploding in the face of the policeman who was operating them: he was badly burnt.

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