The American city that was shown burning in the classic 1939 film "Gone With the Wind" was Atlanta, GA. In the epic Civil War drama, which directly focuses on the life of petulant southern belle Scarlett O'Hara (Vivien Leigh), the city of Atlanta and what happens to it provides a pivotal turning point for Scarlett. Starting with her blissful life on a sprawling plantation, the film traces her survival through the tragic history of the South in the state of Georgia at Tara, Scarlett's family's cotton estate, which is about 20 miles (32 km) south of Atlanta. Her tangled love affairs with Ashley Wilkes (Leslie Howard) and Rhett Butler (Clark Gable) allow people to also see how her true, self-consuming persona becomes exposed.

Also as shown in the film, after ordering almost all the civilians to leave the city of Atlanta in September 1864, Sherman gave instructions that all military and government buildings in the city be burned. Once the fires are started, many private homes and shops are burned as well. This action set a precedent for future behavior by the men in General Sherman's army.

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