The Holy Land is an area located between the Jordan River and the Mediterranean Sea, currently divided between the State of Israel and the State of Palestine. It is called the "Holy Land" due to its historical significance for the world's three great monotheistic religions: Christianity, Judaism, and Islam. For this reason, it is considered the spiritual center of the world.

Despite the history of the Crusades, Christian holy sites were already well protected from potential Muslim depredation, partly because, for Islam, Jesus is respected as the second prophet of God (Muhammad is the first).

However, at the end of the 19th century, in 1897, Zionism emerged, a Jewish movement determined to reclaim Israel, at least the places considered sacred to Judaism. This led to a mass migration to Palestine. On May 14, 1948, against the wishes of the Arabs, the State of Israel proclaimed its independence. In 1967, the UN issued Resolution 242, obliging Israel to withdraw from the areas invaded in the so-called Six-Day War, but it was not complied with.

The peace proposal involved the creation of a Palestinian state. However, to this day, neither Israelis nor Palestinians have waived certain terms for this measure to be implemented.

More Info: pt.wikipedia.org