Cucumis melo, also known as melon, is a species of Cucumis in the family 'The Cucurbitaceae' (also called cucurbits or the gourd family) that has been developed into many cultivated varieties. The fruit is a pepo.

The origin of melons is not known. Research has revealed that seeds and rootstocks were among the goods traded along the caravan routes of the Ancient World. Some botanists consider melons native to the Levant and Egypt, while others place their origin in Iran, India or Central Asia. Still, others support an African origin, and in modern times wild melons can still be found in some African countries.

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