Which Moroccan city is known as the "red city", or the "pearl of the south"?

Marrakesh is a city in southwestern-central Morocco, located near the northern foothills of the High Atlas Mountains. Known as the "red city," the "pearl of the south," or the "gateway to the south," it is the capital of the prefecture of the same name and the Marrakesh-Safi region. In 2004, it had 801,043 inhabitants in the urban area and 1,070,838 inhabitants in the prefecture. It is the fourth-largest city in the country, after Casablanca, Fez, and Tangier.

It is one of the so-called four imperial cities of Morocco (the others are Fez, Meknes, and Rabat) and the one that attracts the most tourists. The area has been inhabited since the Neolithic period, when Berber farmers lived there, but the city was only founded in 1062 by Abu Bekr ibn Umar, a Berber leader and cousin of the Almoravid emir Yusuf ibn Tzafi.

Like many Moroccan cities, Marrakesh has an old part (or medina), corresponding to the original city, surrounded by fortified walls, with streets lined with shops and street vendors, surrounded by modern neighborhoods, notably Gueliz, the most elegant of which, located near the center. Marrakesh's medina has been classified as a World Heritage Site since 1985. The city is now a major economic center and a world-renowned tourist destination.