Which of these actors has not won an Oscar for playing someone with a disability?

From the actors noted (Geoffrey Rush, Tom Hanks, Sean Penn, and Dustin Hoffman), Sean Penn is Sam in the film, I am Sam (2001). He is an adult with a very obvious developmental disability. In the film Sam is an individual who must fight for the right to maintain custody of his 7-year-old daughter (Dakota Fanning). Penn received an Oscar nomination for Best actor, but he did not win the Oscar award.

In Forrest Gump, Tom Hanks as Gump is a man with a developmental disability. He is on his way to see lost love when he tells his life story to others as he sits at a bus stop. Besides Gump, other people with physical or mental needs are seen in this film. Forrest’s commander in Vietnam, Lt. Dan (Gary Sinise), for example has a spinal cord injury from the war. The Oscar of Best Actor went to Hanks at the time.

Next, Dustin Hoffman as Raymond in the film Rain Man (1988) is a person who has been institutionalized throughout his entire life because he has autism. Charlie Babbitt (Tom Cruise) finds out after his father dies that Raymond is his brother who has a disability causing unique capabilities. Hoffman won the Oscar for Best Actor as a result of his role in Rain Man.

Third and last, Geoffrey Rush played David Helfgott an Australian pianist who had a mental disability. For his role in Shine (1996), Rush won the Academy Award for Best Actor. This was called Rush's movie acting breakthrough performance. He received others key roles after his work as Helfgott in Shine.