Which planet listed will pass between Earth and the Sun to produce a transit?

The planet Mercury is one of two planets where its orbit is inside the Earth's orbit. Mercury and Venus are the only planets which can pass between the Earth and the Sun to produce a transit.

Specifically, a transit is the passage of a planet across the Sun's bright disk. During a transit by Mercury, it appears as a tiny black dot moving across the disk of the Sun. Also, transits of Mercury with respect to Earth are much more frequent than transits of Venus. They take place about 13 or 14 times per century. A reason why Mercury's transits happen more often is because Mercury is closer to the Sun; its orbits are therefore more rapid than those of Venus.

In astronomical history, the transits of Mercury and Venus hold very interesting and important places. This is mostly because of the slightly different times when the events occur. When seen from different locations on the surface of the Earth, astronomers have purposefully noted the different times that Mercury moved off the edge of the sun's disk. Accordingly, when Mercury has been seen from one geographic location and compared to another, the effect has then been called a parallax.

In astronomy, a parallax is directly used to properly and satisfactorily measure distances to stars.