Many squirrels live in nests called dreys, large piles of twigs and leaves high in the fork of a tree. Special breeding dreys are built to raise young in and these tend to be bigger than normal dreys.

Squirrels are members of the family Sciuridae, a family that includes small or medium-size rodents. Squirrels are indigenous to the Americas, Eurasia, and Africa, and were introduced by humans to Australia. Squirrels typically have slender bodies with bushy tails and large eyes. In general, their fur is soft and silky, although much thicker in some species than others.

Squirrels live in almost every habitat from tropical rainforest to semiarid desert, avoiding only the high polar regions and the driest of deserts. They are predominantly herbivorous, subsisting on seeds and nuts, but many will eat insects and even small vertebrates.

In general squirrels have an excellent sense of vision, which is especially important for tree-dwelling species. They also have very versatile and sturdy claws for grasping and climbing. Many also have a good sense of touch.

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