On December 8, 1987, Presidents Ronald Reagan and Mikhail S. Gorbachev signed the first treaty reducing the size of their nations' nuclear arsenals. President Reagan and the Soviet leader, Gorbachev, stated that the treaty provided for the dismantling of all Soviet and American medium and shorter range missiles, established the most extensive system of weapons inspection ever negotiated by the two countries, and included measures for placing technicians at sensitive sites in each of the countries.

But, actually what the missile treaty did was to eliminate only a small percentage of weapons that were not very important to either country. It left untouched the vast long range strategic nuclear forces of each side. Nonetheless, the accord was widely seen as an important symbolic and psychological step. Some American conservatives continued to oppose it in the belief that Soviet compliance could not be properly verified and that it left Western Europe exposed to a superior Soviet conventional force.

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