The gigahertz, abbreviated as GHz, is the unit of frequency that measures the clock speed of a computer processor. One gigahertz represents one billion cycles per second. Processor speed is a crucial factor in a computer's performance, influencing how quickly it can execute instructions and process data. As technology advances, processors are becoming increasingly faster, with multi-core processors allowing for even more efficiency and speed in handling complex tasks.

The transition from megahertz (MHz) to gigahertz as the standard measure of processor speed marked a significant milestone in computing history. This shift signified the exponential growth in processing power and the ability to handle more sophisticated software and applications. Modern processors operating in gigahertz enable computers to perform complex calculations, run high-definition graphics, and support demanding applications such as artificial intelligence and machine learning. This evolution has been essential in the development of advanced technologies that impact various sectors, from healthcare to entertainment.