Which year saw the creation of the first computer system to use Artificial Intelligence?

Artificial intelligence (AI) is the intelligence of machines or software; it is a field of study in computer science that develops and studies intelligent machines. The first system that used AI to function was created by Herbert Simon, a political scientist and sociologist, Allen Newell, a computer scientist, and Clifford Shaw, a programmer.

The ideas behind using a computer to artificially mimic certain human thought processes were first developed in 1955 by Simon and Newell and were then embodied in a practical system the following year. In 1956, Simon and Newell collaborated with Shaw in writing a program called Logic Theorist. It was the first program deliberately engineered to perform automated reasoning and, in consequence, has been described as the first AI program. The term "artificial intelligence" was coined in the proposal for the 1956 conference at Dartmouth College where the Logic Theorist program was presented. This conference is generally recognized as the official birthdate of AI.

Logic Theorist was powerful. The program proved 38 of the first 52 theorems in chapter two of Alfred Whitehead and Bertrand Russell's “Principia Mathematica,” and found new and shorter proofs for some of them. The principles used in constructing the 1956 program were embodied in the developments of the AI field that took place in subsequent decades.