The first rockets were invented in China sometime between the 9th and 13th centuries (A.D). These were black powder rockets that were essentially what we would call fireworks today, but were technically what are known as solid fuel rockets. Significant improvements in solid fuel rockets were made by William Congreve in England in the early 19th century. The first successful liquid fueled rocket was built by Robert Goddard of the U.S., and patents were issued in 1914.