Canada is an independent nation that operates under a constitutional monarchy where Queen Elizabeth II is the honorary head of state, represented by the Governor General, and the Prime Minister is the head of government. The structure of the government is a federal parliamentary monarchy and the citizens of the country vote for a party, not the Prime Minister. This structure was established in 1867 when the Confederation of Canada was formed. At the time of confederation there were only 4 provinces included. Over the next 82 years the remaining provinces and territories joined (total 10 provinces and 3 territories today).

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